necktie: clothing item, traditionally worn by boys and men with dress shirt

Joaquim Bonifácio do Amaral: Brazilian politician (1815-1884)

white hair: hair color

meat chop: meaty part at the end of ribs

beard: facial hair on the chin, upper lip, cheeks and neck

coat: warming outerwear garment for men and women

vest: sleeveless garment for the upper body, usually worn over a shirt and below a coat; it covers the back, shoulders and bust

shirt: garment for the upper body

painted oval: common format used by portrait painters on an upright rectangular portrait, sometimes painted by another painter